The Class 9 is an important year in a student’s life and Maharashtra State Board Social Science History is one of the subjects that require dedication, hard work, and practice. It’s a subject where you can score well if you are well-versed with the concepts, remember the important formulas and solving methods, and have done an ample amount of practice. Worry not! Home Revise is here to make your Class 9 journey even easier. It’s essential for students to have the right study material and notes to prepare for their board examinations, and through Home Revise, you can cover all the fundamental topics in the subject and the complete Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Social Science History Book syllabus.
Q1. Choose the proper option and rewrite the completed statements.
(1) The first open-heart surgery under the leadership of Dr N Gopinathan was successfully performed in the city of
(a) Chennai
(b) Vellore
(c) Hyderabad
(d) Mumbai
(2) is known as the father of the ‘Jaipur foot’.
(a) Dr N. Gopinathan
(b) Dr Pramod Sethi
(c) Dr Mohan Rao
(d) None of the above
Answer 1: The first open-heart surgery under the leadership of Dr N Gopinathan was successfully performed in the city of Vellore.
Answer 2: Dr Pramod Sethi is known as the father of the ‘Jaipur foot’.
Q2. Identify the wrong pair and rewrite the corrected one.
(1) Dr N. Gopinathan – open heart surgery
(2) Ramchandra Sharma – a skilled craftsman
(3) Dr Subhash Mukhopadhyaya – test tube baby
(4) Dr Mohan Rao – polio
Answer 2: Dr Mohan Rao – polio is the wrong pair. The correct pair is Dr Mohan Rao – kidney transplant.
Q3. Explain the concepts:
(1) The Institution of family
(2) Jaipur foot technology
(3) Urbanisation
(4) Changing economic life
Answer 1: The Institution of family –During the pre-independence period, the institution of the family was an important identifying feature of Indian society. India was known all over the world as the country of joint families. However, the wave of globalisation has now given an impetus to the system of nuclear families.
Answer 2: Jaipur foot technology –The invention of the ‘Jaipur Foot’ has transformed the lives of the disabled in India. Before 1968, if a person lost a leg in an accident, he had to suffer for the rest of his life. In order to remedy the situation, Dr Pramod Sethi designed and manufactured artificial limbs, noses and ears, with the help of the skilled craftsman Ramchandra Sharma. The artificial body parts manufactured with the help of the Jaipur foot technology have made it easy for the differently-abled to walk bare-foot on rough surfaces, run, go cycling, work in the fields, climb trees, and even climb mountains, etc.
Answer 3: Urbanisation –Urbanisation is a process of the concentration of population in a city or urban area. Increasing population is one major reason for urbanisation. A few other factors affecting urbanisation are air, water and the economic as well as social organisations necessary for community life. In the context of post-independence India, the increase in urban population is also due to factors such as a reduction in the mortality rate, industrialisation, unavailability of means of livelihood in rural areas, job opportunities in cities and the resulting migration. To reduce the strain on cities, it is necessary to make jobs available in villages, achieve a balance in economic development, control the expansion of metros and provide necessary services and facilities in both the urban as well as rural areas.
Answer 4: Changing economic life –Earlier, every village was economically self-sufficient. A majority of the villagers were dependent on farming. Farm produce used to be distributed among artisans as payment for their work. Now this situation has changed. Rural areas are engaged in agriculture and occupations ancillary to farming while urban society is engaged in non-agricultural production and the service sector.
Q 4. Give reasons.
(1) The campaign for pulse polio immunisation was taken up.
(2) The Rural Water Supply scheme was started.
Answer 1: Before 1978, every year, six Indian infants out of every 10 who were born faced fatal health problems in the very first year of their birth. The immunisation programme was taken up to overcome the threat of polio, measles, tetanus, TB, diphtheria, and whooping cough. The ‘pulse polio’ immunisation programme started in 1995 has controlled polio.
Answer 2: The collective development scheme had an important place in all the first four five year plans of the government of India. The State of Maharashtra registered remarkable achievements under this scheme. For example, ‘Zilla Parishads’ was established in 1962. Nutritious diet scheme was launched in 1970-1971. The State also started ‘Rural Water Supply Scheme’ for sinking wells and providing piped water. By 1971, 1677 small dams had also been built.
Q5. Answer the following questions in 25- 30 words.
(1) Which kinds of discrimination does the Constitution prohibit?
(2) What is the aim of the social welfare programme?
(3) What are the challenges facing rural development?
Answer 1: According to our Constitution, all Indians are equal before the law, and they cannot be discriminated against on the basis of religion, race, caste, gender or place of birth.
Answer 2: The social welfare programmes aim to make opportunities for full-time employment, health care, education and development available to all Indian citizens.
Answer 3: There are three major challenges with reference to rural development, namely, bringing about economic development, developing facilities to meet social needs and finally bringing about a change of attitude in matters concerning society, culture and ways of thinking.